Please answer all parts of question.
1.You are the independent project manager on a portfolio of projects, your client seeks advice on Conflict Management and Dispute Resolution. Write a report detailing what provisions your client might make for Conflict Management and Dispute Resolution across the portfolio. So what’s available for Conflict Management and Dispute Resolution, and what would you recommend.
15 marks
2.Evaluate the use [either real or potential] of Principled Negotiation (PN) in a country or industry [state the country and or industry]. So evaluate how PN is used or might be used in a country or industry.
5 marks
Tip: The first question is worth more scores and is therefore more important, so please be sensible with the word count of report.
Requirements:
1.Is the assignment requirement in the following picture? Will there be more detailed documentation requirements in the follow-up?
The picture is just an image of the coursework, Bb wont allow me to paste it here. THere are no further details.
2.Answer the two questions separately, not together.
3. ‘Provisions for your client’ is a kind of action or regulations that should be set up before the conflict and dispute happened, or, it is a proposal for a solution to an ongoing conflict and dispute. YES. If so, can I recommend that my client use game theory to resolve the conflict and dispute? HOW CAN YOU USE GAME THEORY TO RESOLVE CONFLICT AND DISPUTE?
4.And Could you please explain what is ‘portfolio’ to me? –I HAVE A PORTFOLIO OF LECTURES AND TEACHING, INCLUDING: • 66061, 66062, 40461, PhD STUDENTS, BSc STUDENTS
5. Reference
If this is not your idea or text, then refer to it, and it has to be in the Havard style.
6.Word count requirement is 1500-1800 words[email protected]
Introduction and Conflict Theory
Week #3 2022/23
Introduction and Conflict Theory
Conflict Theory; Functional and Dysfunctional Conflict; Task and Relationship Conflict, Types of Conflict; Conflict continuum
Conflict Management / Dispute Resolution
The UK government’s approach
Game theory
Blackboard:
2 discussion threads; weblinks; workbook
[email protected]
[email protected]
Lecture format
Spark interest
Provide references
Urls [lots]
Papers [2, but…]
[email protected]
From War-War to Jaw-Jaw
Wikinomics
how mass collaboration changes everything
http://www.wikinomics.com/book
How people come together to preserve their collective resources
Nobel Prize 2009
http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2009/oct/12/nobel-economics-prize-elinor-ostrom
The UK Government’s approach
The Dispute Resolution Commitment (DRC) requires government departments and agencies to be proactive in the management of disputes, and to use effective, proportionate and appropriate forms of dispute resolution to avoid expensive legal costs or court actions.
https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130206020441/http://www.justice.gov.uk/courts/mediation/dispute-resolution-commitment/
[email protected]
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What is Conflict
Conflict is an expressed struggle between at least two interdependent parties who perceive incompatible goals, scarce rewards, and interference from the other parties in achieving their goals.
Conflict is natural and inevitable. People view conflict as unpleasant.
Conflict is inevitable. Although it is impossible to eliminate conflict, there are ways to manage it effectively.
Functional and
Dysfunctional Conflict
Functional conflict
“Constructive Conflict”–Mary Parker Follett (1925)
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Conflict
Dispute
Avoidance
Negotiation
ADR; ADJ; ARB; Litigation; Beyond
Conflict Continuum
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Conflict and Dispute
Conflict can be managed
Disputes need 3rd party resolvers
Dispute = dysfunctional conflict
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Win Win Lose Lose
Win Win
Win Lose
Lose Win
Lose Lose
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Game Theory
The science of strategy
Analysis of fortunes where interdependency
See internet generally
See Co-opetition by Nalebuff and Brandenburger
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coopetition
Economics Nobel Prize 2020
Game theory again
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2020/oct/12/us-game-theory-specialists-win-nobel-prize-in-economics
The economist David Blanchflower, a former Bank of England policymaker, said the award failed “to reward people for finding things about the real world rather than for playing economic games. The Nobel prize in economics once again goes to a couple of old white men who published esoteric mathematical squiggles years ago that have little or no bearing on the lives of ordinary people. Their work has nothing to say about improving the condition of the man or woman on the Clapham omnibus”.
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Discussion Threads[email protected]
CONFLICT MANAGEMENT AND DISPUTE AVOIDANCE
Week #4 2022/23
Workbook Ch3 pus ch8
Three things to make you think?
Dispute Avoidance
Collaboration [Testosterone?]
Dabbawala
[email protected]
Conflict
Dispute
Avoidance
Negotiation
ADR; ADJ; ARB; Litigation; Beyond
Conflict Continuum
The difference: conflict and or dispute
Remember the continuum
Conflict all around
Disputes may break out from [badly managed] conflict
Conflict needs managing
Disputes need avoiding or resolving
Is conflict management the same as dispute avoidance?
Lots of Information e.g. Conflict Management Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument
[NB Inter or Intra]
Dispute Resolution is easy [its clearly defined] there is a third party
PM decides [PM decision]
Adjudication [construction mostly]
Arbitration
Litigation
ADR
Lots of techniques
Mediation
Blah
Blah
Peter Fenn Juggling Technique
Conflict Management or Dispute Avoidance
Dispute Avoidance is avoiding something happening
Conflict management is managing something that is happening
Dispute Avoidance
Heathrow Terminal 5 – collaboration plus risk management
Dabbawallah – collaboration + ?
Conflict Management
Collaboration
Negotiation
Two books one idea: is it all about the big T?
Males negotiate differently than females?
Males are more aggressive?
Males are more likely to be individuals not team players and less likely to collaborate
Dispute Avoidance 3 ideas
Some would say procurement and contracts are central to Conflict Management and Dispute Avoidance
Workbook Ch 3
The best solution is to avoid disputes
Latham, M. (1994) Constructing the Team, HMSO, London
Collaboration
Workbook Ch 8
Dispute avoidance
Workbook Chapter 3 The Heathrow Terminal 5 Example
The Dabbawala
APM BoK development
Over the Years [BoKs]
5th Edition
Conflict Management References 15
Dispute resolution Refs 7
6th Edition
Conflict Management Refs 11
Dispute resolution Refs 2
7th Edition
Conflict Management Refs 1
Dispute resolution Refs 64
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Dabbawala #IncredibleIndia
200,000 lunch [tiffin] boxes get moved every day by an estimated 4,500 to 5,000 dabbawalas
One mistake in every 6,000,000 deliveries
Disputes are inevitable?
Cooperation and collaboration
Should a distinction be made between cooperation and collaboration?
I don’t make one
Why are the dabbawallas so successful
A six-sigma process is one in which 99.99966% of the products manufactured are statistically expected to be free of defects.
Great interest – UN, Universities, King Charles, the Whitehouse
Why?
Dabbas are illiterate
Colour coding system
Organisational Structure – everyone gets paid the same, remember Marx no conflict over resources
Gender, Testosterone and Philosophy
Women negotiate differently than men
People from Eastern Philosophies negotiate differently than people from Western Philosophies
Americans/Canadians negotiate differently than English/Chinese/Irish
Males are m18/10/2022
1
MACE 66061
Week 5
Professionalism, Ethics, Bribery,
Corruption and Money Laundering
18/10/2022 1
Professionalism, Ethics, Bribery,
Corruption and Money Laundering
• Explore Professionalism and ethics
– APM Code
– Engineering Codes
• Describe UK legislation
– Bribery
– Corruption
– Money Laundering
• Project Managers Professionalism, Ethics, Bribery, Corruption
and Money Laundering
• Corruption by country – Transparency International
18/10/2022 2
Professionalism and Ethics
• What is Professionalism?
• What is Ethics?
• Why do professional institutions have codes
of ethics?
APM’s ethical values
integrity, respect and empathy.
18/10/2022 3
What makes a PM a professional
• Is it training? Is it payment? Is it intangible?
• Is it easier to say what’s unprofessional
• Is it that they follow a code of ethics?
18/10/2022 4
What is Professionalism?
– 1. the conduct, aims, or qualities that characterize
or mark a profession or a professional person
– 2 : the following of a profession for gain or
livelihood
18/10/2022 5
Ethics in project management
• All professional bodies like APM have a code of conduct to set standards
to guide members and raise the level of trust and confidence of the public
in the profession.
• APM requires high ethical standards, just as it requires high professional
standards. Ethics, and ethical behaviour, is a key part of professionalism
and therefore vital to APM’s chartered journey.
• High standards of ethical behaviour in the profession benefits everyone – the
status of the profession itself is enhanced;
• the quality of the delivery of projects is raised;
• society benefits because project managers have completed their work to a high
standard, not just on schedule or within budget, but with ethical responsibility.
• APM’s ethical values
– integrity, respect and empathy.
18/10/2022 6
1 2
3 4
5 6
18/10/2022
2
What is Ethics?
– Ethics is :
• Its really difficult to say
• SIMPLY: An institution’s moral code
• A system of accepted beliefs that control behaviour
• The study of what is morally right or not
18/10/2022 7
APM examples
• Examples
• Would you:
– give an honest quote, even if that means losing out to the competition
(who may not be so honest)?
– stand up to a client if you felt they were asking you to do something
unethical?
– consider how a project will impact on the wider community.
– https://www.apm.org.uk/resources/find-a-
resource/ethics-in-project-management/
18/10/2022 8
Why do professional institutions have
codes of ethics?
• Why do professional institutions have codes
of ethics?
– SIMPLY PUT if you employ a chartered PM then
you know she has to follow the institutions Code
of Ethics/Code of conduct/Ethical values
APM’s ethical values
act with honesty, integrity and probity.
may-18-code-of-professional-conduct.pdf (apm.org.uk)
18/10/2022 9
Code of Ethics/Code of Conduct
• Conduct unbefitting/unbecMSc Management of Projects week 6
[email protected] 1
[email protected] 1
Conflict Management &
Dispute Resolution
Negotiation
1 OR 50 PEOPLE
• A tram entering Piccadilly has failed brakes; there are 2
tracks available. One will see the tram crash into a wall
killing the 50 passengers the other will save the 50
passengers but kill a worker on the tracks. You are
standing on the platform. You designed the signalling/the
track/the tram. All it takes is you to flip your switch and
direct the tram
– To kill 50 people
• OR
– To kill 1 person
• Which do you choose?
The Big Guy
• A tram entering Piccadilly has failed brakes and will surely
kill the 50 people on board. You are standing on the
platform next to a really big guy. You have studied statics
and dynamics you realise that if the tram hit the big guy
full on it would come to a gentle stop kill the big guy and
save the 50 people on board but only if he was on the
tracks. You know you could push him onto the tracks
• Push or not?
Aim and Objectives
• This lecture aims to explore the subject of negotiation as it
applies to PMs
• Objectives
– To introduce The Program on Negotiation at
Harvard Law School (PON)
– To explore theories of negotiation
– To consider the factors affecting negotiation e.g.
culture via Hofstede’s cultural dimensions theory
– To consider concepts from other cultures e.g. Guanxi;
Wasta; Schadenfreude etc.
[email protected] 4
Haggling = Negotiation?
• In the UK:
– The price quoted is the price
• Some exceptions
– Houses; 2nd hand Cars;?
• Things are changing – some shops will
listen to offers
• Some people like to haggle most do not
[email protected] 5 [email protected] 6
Material
• For this lecture students are referred to the
course text: Getting To Yes
• www.pon.harvard.edu
http://www.pon.harvard.edu/
MSc Management of Projects week 6
[email protected] 2
[email protected] 7
PON
• The Program on Negotiation at Harvard
Law School (PON) is a world-renowned
interdisciplinary center on negotiation and
conflict resolution. Drawing from numerous
fields of study, including law, business,
government, psychology, economics,
anthropology, and education, PON works to
connect rigorous research and scholarship
with a deep understanding of practice.
Jargon
• BATNA [Best Alternative to a negotiated
settlement]
• WATNA [Worst …]
WIN WIN
• WIN LOSE
• Often linked to game theory Wikipedia is
good
[email protected] 8
Negotiation
• Positional Neg Distributive Old Bad
– Win/Lose Splitting the Pie
Postional
• Integrative Neg PON better
– Expanding the Pie
• Principled Neg New Good
– Win/Win Increasing or Expanding the Pie
[email protected] 9 [email protected] 10
Negotiation
• Main Theories:It is common for theorists
talk of two negotiation theories or strategic
approaches to negotiation:
• Positional Negotiation
• Principled Negotiation
– Principled negotiation flowed from the HarvaMSc Management of Projects Week 7
[email protected] 1
[email protected] 1
Remember, remember the fifth of
November
• Remember, remember the fifth of November,
Gunpowder treason and plot.
We see no reason
Why gunpowder treason
Should ever be forgot!
Guy Fawkes, guy, t’was his intent
To blow up king and parliament.
Three score barrels were laid below
To prove old England’s overthrow.
And what shall we do with him?
Burn him! Guy [Guido] Fawkes
Guy Fawkes and Salford
• Ordsall Hall and the daughter of Sir John Radclyffe and his
wife Lady Anne Ashaw. Sir John was not keen
• Guy Fawkes went away and conspired with others to plant
bombs and blow up the Houses of Parliament
• Failed Gunpowder Plot of 1605 – Fawkes was sentenced
to be hanged, drawn and quartered.
3
Mediation
Week 7
ADR
• Alternative Dispute Resolution
• Appropriate Dispute Resolution
• Another Damn Rip-off
• Mediation is the most common ADR
technique [I’ll say more about the others in
Week 11]
4
Altruism
• Altruism refers to behaviour that benefits
another individual at a cost to oneself. For
example, giving your lunch away is
altruistic because it helps someone who is
hungry, but at a cost of being hungry
yourself.
• Is altruism only found in humans?
5
Altruism or Cooperation
6
1 2
3 4
5 6
MSc Management of Projects Week 7
[email protected] 2
7
Mediation
• Mediation is a way of settling disputes in which a third
party, known as a mediator, helps both sides to come to
an agreement which each considers acceptable.
Mediation can be ‘evaluative’, where the mediator gives
an assessment of the legal strength of a case, or
‘facilitative’, where the mediator concentrates on
assisting the parties to define the issues. When a
mediation is successful and an agreement is reached, it is
written down and forms a legally binding contract, unless
the parties state otherwise.
I’m going to spend a whole
session on mediation
• Because its often thought to be
– The most common
– The most appropriate [ADR]
– An introduction to all the techniques
8
Mediation
• An intro
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t1vw01
U5YDs
• There are lots
» Of videos
» Of mediators
» Of models
» Of charts
» Of everything
9
Conflict
Dispute
Avoidance
Negotiation
ADR [Mediation]; ADJ; ARB;
Litigation; Beyond
Conflict Continuum
10
Mediation Continuum
Facilitative
Mediator offers no opinion
Evaluative
Mediator Suggests/Recommends
Mediation
11 12
Mediation
• Describe/How
• Party (ies) phone a mediator [or a mediation
provider e.g. CEDR/CIArb/There are lots]
• Mediator arranges a meeting
• Mediator assists the parties
• Parties settle or not
7 8
9 10
11 12
MSc Management of Projects Week 7
[email protected] 3
13
Mediation
• Mediation the most widely used and accepted ADR
technique; Contingency approach; No prescriptive
mediation process
• Examples:
– UN
https://www.youtu1
Conflict Management and Dispute Resolution
Elective Module 66061
MSc Management of Projects
Peter Fenn
MACE
Manchester
M13 9PL
Tel 01613064233
Email: [email protected]
mailto:[email protected]
2
Conflict Management and Dispute Resolution
Table Of Contents And Workbook Outline
How To Use This Workbook
1. Introduction
2. Conflict Theory
3. Conflict Management and Dispute Avoidance
4. Bribery and Corruption
5. Negotiation
6. Mediation Principles
7. ADR Processes and Game Theory
8. Cooperation and collaboration
9. Dispute Avoidance
10. Comparison of Dispute Resolution
11. International Law and International Disputes
12. Conclusion
3
How to Use this Workbook
This workbook has been specially designed and written for the elective module in
Conflict Management and Dispute Resolution on the MSc in Management of Projects.
It will help you to plan your study and to work systematically through the course. You
should use this workbook as the basis of your studies. The workbook is just part of the
material which is provided at the Blackboard Virtual Learning Environment [VLE].
There are 5 main teaching documents:
1. This Workbook [ available at any time as an ebook and on Blackboard]
2. The Learning Modules [available ONLY at Blackboard]
3. I give a synchronous lecture for each learning module and the Lecture Slides
are available at any time on Blackboard
4. All the lectures are copied and are available as asynchronous learning
5. As preparation for each topic I present a brief 10-15 minute video detailing the
content of the coming weeks learning module and full lecture.
In addition I expect that you will do some reading. I try to give more reading, web
material, videos etc in each week’s folder on Bb.
Content
The workbook is divided into sections that reflect the syllabus. Each section begins with
an introduction, which briefly explains the topic to be studied and may suggest areas to
be focused upon. This is followed by a list of objectives that should be achieved after
studying the section.
The substantive part of the text must be read very carefully, and you must ensure that
you understand the concepts before moving on to the next section. It is important that
you are sure that you have achieved the objectives identified at the beginning of the
section.
Questions
In this workbook there are boxed questions in the text; and these are repeated in the
web based learning modules. These are designed to make you stop and think about the
issues, and sometimes the rules of law, you are studying. You should answer these
questions before proceeding. However, not every question will have a clear answer.
This is the nature of the subject.
After the substantive part of each section, you will f
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